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*📚 New Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) - EXAM ORIENTED Notes - UGC NET 🎯*
*📜 1. Basic Information*
- *Launched -* Approved by Union Cabinet on 29th July 2020
- 🔢 *Order -* 3rd Education Policy. 1st in 1968, 2nd in 1986 (revised in 1992), 3rd in 2020 - After 34 years ⏳
- 👨🔬 *Committee -* Dr. K. Kasturirangan Committee (Former ISRO Chief) 🚀
- 📝 *Before that -* T.S.R. Subramanian Committee (2017) gave initial draft
- 🌍 *Goal -* To make India a Global Knowledge Superpower and spend 6% of GDP on education 💰
*🏫 2. School Education - 5+3+3+4 🔄*
- ❌ Replaces 10+2 ✅ New Structure -
- 👶 *5 - Foundational (Age 3-8) -* 3 years Anganwadi / Pre-school + 2 years Class 1-2
- 👦 *3 - Preparatory (Age 8-11) -* Class 3-5
- 🧑🎓 *3 - Middle (Age 11-14) -* Class 6-8
- 👨🎓 *4 - Secondary (Age 14-18) -* Class 9-12
- ⭐ *Key Reforms -*
- 🧸 *ECCE -* Early Childhood Care and Education compulsory for 3-6 years
- 🗣️ *Language -* Mother tongue / Regional language till Class 5 (preferably till 8)
- 💻 *Vocational -* Vocational education, Coding, Internship from Class 6, Bagless days 🎒❌
- 📝 *Exam -* Board exam twice a year, competency-based not rote learning
- 📊 *Report Card -* 360-degree assessment - by self, peers and teachers 🔄
- ✅ *PARAKH -* National Assessment Centre
*🎓 3. Higher Education - Most Important for NET Paper 1 🔥*
- 📈 *GER -* To increase from 26.3% (2018) to 50% by 2035
- 🚪 *Multiple Entry and Exit -*
- 1️⃣ Year - Certificate 📜
- 2️⃣ Years - Diploma 📃
- 3️⃣ Years - Bachelor's Degree 🎓
- 4️⃣ Years - Honours with Research Degree (FYUP) 🏅
- 🏦 *ABC - Academic Bank of Credits -* Credits will be stored digitally 💳
- 🏛️ *HECI - Proposed -* Higher Education Commission of India - Single regulator replacing UGC, AICTE, NCTE - *Not formed till 2026* ⚠️
- 🔬 *ANRF - Anusandhan National Research Foundation -* ANRF Act 2023 passed
- 🏫 *Types of Institutions -*
- 1. Research-intensive 🔬
- 2. Teaching-intensive 👨🏫
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