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Cell Cryopreservation The installation converts a cell suspension into droplets and vitrifies it with a flow rate of 100 ml per hour. On July 27, a group from the University of Minnesota released a preprint on cryo-aerosolization: a vibrating nozzle breaks the cell suspension into microdroplets, and a jet of liquid nitrogen freezes them. After thawing, about 90% of human fibroblasts and induced pluripotent stem cells remained viable. The cells for therapy are first grown, then stored and transported. When frozen, water forms ice crystals that damage cell membranes and internal structures. Vitrification protects cells from ice if the solution is rapidly cooled and rapidly thawed. With small volumes, this is easier to achieve. A microdroplet quickly releases heat: its surface is large relative to its volume. A cell dose takes tens or hundreds of milliliters, and a large portion cools more slowly. In the installation, the nozzle creates droplets with a diameter of about 200 micrometers. The jet of liquid nitrogen collides with them in flight, and the droplets fall into a collector for storage. According to the authors' thermal model, the collision with nitrogen accelerates heat removal and does not allow the droplet to be suspended over nitrogen on a vapor layer. In the experiment, 100 ml of cell suspension passed through the installation per hour; the proportion of penetrating cryoprotector was 19-25%. Instead of one large portion, the installation freezes multiple microdroplets. The authors measured an average cooling rate of up to 210,000 degrees per minute, and their thawing model gave about 1 million degrees per minute. After one cycle, fibroblasts and induced pluripotent cells retained viability of about 90%, pig erythrocytes recovered at 94%. For induced pluripotent cells, the team also checked colony formation after re-seeding, as described in the review of cryopreservation of cell therapies in Nature Aging, July 2026. 🔗 Read original →